Science & Technology

Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Britain when it did? How quickly and decisively did it transform industrial technology, class relations and living standards? 

'A kind of apotheosis of terracotta', the Natural History Museum has been open for a hundred years as a scientific institution to serve the huge lay audience who are knowledgeable about nature and eager to learn more. Robert Thorne reflects on how, in its centenary year, the museum's architectural perfection is under threat.

Walter Minchinton, with assistance from the late Peveril Meig, looks at the potential of the ocean - from tidal mills to power stations.

Walter Minchinton traces the use and advantages of the windmill.

Norman A.F. Smith explores the use through history of the water-mill and dams.